02 — The supply gap
The world keeps using more silver than it produces.
Silver has substantial demand from both industry and investors. Industrial use fell slightly in 2025 as solar manufacturers found ways to use less of it, and it is expected to ease again in 2026. Even so, total demand has exceeded supply every year since 2021, and 2026 is forecast to be the sixth.
Mines cannot respond quickly. Most silver comes out of the ground as a by-product of copper, lead and zinc mining, so output follows decisions made about other metals. A new mine takes years.
Silver used in long-lived products can stay tied up for years. Recycling returns some metal to the market, and more of it in 2025 than in any year since 2013, but it does not replace everything being used. The shortfall has been met by drawing on existing silver stocks.
Cumulative supply deficit, 2021–2025
716 million
ounces short
Total silver demand exceeded supply by approximately 716 million ounces across those five years.
Source: The Silver Institute, World Silver Survey 2026 (Metals Focus), supply and demand table.